Boltzmann Brain

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Ludwig Boltzmann mengusulkan alam semesta sebagai fluktuasi acak dari keseimbangan termodinamik. Roger Penrose dan kemudian Brandon Carter menunjukkan konsekuensinya yang mengejutkan: jika kita menunggu cukup lama (waktu Poincaré recurrence), fluktuasi acak yang menghasilkan otak tunggal yang sadar jauh lebih mungkin daripada fluktuasi yang menghasilkan seluruh alam semesta yang teratur.

Ini berarti kita lebih mungkin adalah Boltzmann Brain — otak yang muncul sebentar dari fluktuasi vakum, dengan semua memori palsu tentang kehidupan dan fisika — daripada makhluk yang berevolusi dalam alam semesta nyata. Paradoks ini digunakan sebagai argumen melawan model kosmologi tertentu yang mengizinkan fluktuasi semacam ini.

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